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Paris School

Claude Pierray

Paris, d. 1729

Claude Pierray (c. 1700-1729) was an influential Parisian violin maker, considered a leading figure of the 'vieux Paris' school who consistently followed Italian models. He produced a significant number of violins, often on a large pattern, and highly praised violoncellos. While sources vary on the precise nature of his work, he worked on Amati-like forms, sometimes closely copying Girolamo Amati. He used good quality wood, though not always visually appealing, and his instruments featured variable thickness proportions. His craftsmanship and varnish colour are described contradictorily across sources, as are the tonal qualities of his instruments. Pierray trained notable pupils including Jean Ouvrard, Paul Grosset, and Louis Guersan. His work was highly appreciated, notably in England, with Thomas Britton owning a violin considered "as good as a Cremona." A bass viol dated 1712 made by Pierray is housed in the Musée de la Musique, Paris.

Worked Paris
Made Cello, Violin

Auction price history

Highest auction price

£38,237
Type Details Sold Price
Violin March 2012 £4,250
Cello 72.0 cm Paris, 1710 7/8 size (many restorations) June 2011 £16,532
Violin 35.8 cm Paris, 1740 c. [Probably by] March 2011 £4,750
Violin 35.8 cm Paris, 1714 March 2010 £13,750
Cello 74.0 cm Paris, 1715 - 1720 c. (some restorations, French head later) June 2009 £14,002
Violin 35.8 cm Paris, 1714 (head replaced) December 2007 £5,105
Violin 36.0 cm 1712 July 2007 £16,800
Violin 35.5 cm Paris, 1715-1720 c. (head replaced, restored soundpost crack & more) December 2006 £4,394
Violin Paris, 1714 November 2005 £7,200
Cello Paris, 1715-1720 c. (head replaced) June 2005 £22,946
Cello Paris, 1725 June 2005 £38,237
Violin 1720 June 2003 £5,166
Violin 1709 June 2000 £9,574
Violin 1751 September 1998 £3,423
Violin 1735 c. November 1997 £3,220
Violin 1707 November 1995 £6,900
Violin 1706 March 1995 £5,290
Violin 1714 August 1994 £6,325
Violin 1764 June 1994 £1,870
Violin 1730 c. November 1990 £3,080
Violin 1730 c. March 1989 £6,600
Violin 1714 November 1987 £3,080
Violin 1730 c. November 1987 £2,035
Violin 1720 c. June 1987 £2,420
Violin 1710-20 March 1987 £4,620
Violin 17-- June 1984 £3,024
Violin 1714 June 1983 £5,720
Violin 1719 c. June 1983 £2,970
Violin 1718 March 1983 £1,980
Cello 1709 April 1981 £3,220

Maker Overview

Life

Claude Pierray (c. 1700-1729) was a highly influential Parisian violin maker who worked in Paris from around 1700 until his death in 1729. A contemporary of Boquay, he is considered one of the best representatives and the most influential maker of the ‘vieux Paris’ school. Like many of his contemporaries, he worked following Italian models. He was established in the rue des Fossés, Saint-Germain-des-Prés, and from 1725, his address was identified as ‘proche la Comédie Français’. He made a great many violins and violoncellos and was held in high regard during his lifetime.

Characteristics

Materials
He consistently used good quality wood, although it was often described as not particularly handsome or inconspicuous. Sources provide varied descriptions of his varnish, noting it as pale red, red, golden-brown with a red accent, or light red or yellow, and of good quality.

Methods
Sources present conflicting views on his craftsmanship; some describe him as an 'excellent workman' or state his 'work is carefully finished' and 'of a high order,' while others consider his work of 'average merit' or 'not always perfectly finished.' He worked on a very Amati-like form, with some sources suggesting Amati would seem to have been his model, retaining the outline but with other features being dissimilar. Other accounts note he sometimes copied the work of Girolamo Amati rather closely. His violins show both large and small patterns, with the majority being large. His instruments featured a medium-high arch, rather stiff soundholes, and variable or inconsistent thickness proportions.
Recorded labels
  • Bass viol, dated 1712, in the Musée de la Musique, Paris. Claude Pieray
    à Paris, 171..John Dilworth
  • Claude Pierray
    à Paris, 1715John Dilworth
  • Claude Pierray, rue des Fossés
    Saint Germain-des-préz à Paris, 1714John Dilworth
  • Claude Pierray
    proche la Comédie
    à Paris 1725John Dilworth
  • Claude Pierray, 1729John Dilworth

Influence and legacy

  • Training and Mentorship: He trained a number of capable students, some of whom became good makers, including Jean Ouvrard, Paul Grosset, and Louis Guersan.

  • Schools/Tradition: He is regarded as one of the best representatives and the most influential maker of the 'vieux Paris' school, working after Italian models and on a very Amati-like form.

  • Notable Associations: His work was generally of a better order than that of his contemporary Boquay. His string instruments were appreciated in England at the beginning of the eighteenth century. London musical promoter Thomas Britton owned a Pierray violin which he considered ‘as good as a Cremona’.
  • Museum Collections: A bass-viol, dated 1712, made by Claude Pierray is held in the Musée de la Musique, Paris (formerly the Paris Conservatoire Collection).

  • Famous Owners: Thomas Britton, a London musical promoter and collector, owned a violin by Claude Pierray.
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Biographies

The overview above is drawn from the following published accounts. Read them in the original:

John Dilworth+

PIERRAY, Claude Worked circa. 1700, died 1729 Paris France. Established in the rue des Fossés, Saint-Germain-des-Prés from 1725 (further identified as ‘proche la Comédie Français’). The most influential maker of the ‘vieux Paris’ school, working on a very Amati-like form. Medium-high arch and soundholes rather stiff. Generally a golden-brown varnish, sometimes with a red accent. Craftsmanship of a high order, but sometimes a little too robust and not always perfectly finished. London musical promoter Thomas Britton owned a Pierray violin which he considered ‘as good as a Cremona’. Cellos much praised. His work is generally of a better order than that of his contemporary Boquay. Bass viol, dated 1712, in the Musée de la Musique, Paris. Claude Pieray / à Paris, 171.. Claude Pierray / à Paris, 1715 Claude Pierray, rue des Fossés / Saint Germain-des-préz à Paris, 1714 Claude Pierray / proche la Comédie / à Paris 1725 Claude Pierray, 1729

George Hart+

Was an excellent workman, and many of his productions partake of the Italian character to a considerable extent. They are of two patterns, the majority being large. Amati would seem to have been his model, but his instruments can scarcely be considered copies of that maker, the outline only being retained, while the other features are dissimilar. The wood is rarely handsome, but its quality is good, the thicknesses are variable. The work is of average merit. Varnish is of a pale red colour, of good quality. It is interesting to learn that these instruments were appreciated in England at the beginning of the eighteenth century. Tom Britton had in his collection of books and instruments at Clerkenwell a ” Claude Pierray,” which is described in the sale catalogue as ” a very beautiful Violin, and as good as a Cremona.”

Cecie Stainer+

A contemporary of Boquay, he worked in Paris about 1700-30. He made a great many violins and violoncellos, the former on a large pattern. He sometimes copied the work of Girolamo Amati rather closely. He used good wood, though not very beautiful to look at, and red varnish. The proportions of his thicknesses varied too much; the tone is excellent but not powerful; the work is carefully finished.
In Thomas Britton’s Collection of instruments was a violin by “Claude Pieray, of Paris, as good as a Cremona.” Some of his pupils became good makers, such as Jean Ouvrard, Paul Grosset, and Louis Guersan.
Labels: “Claude Pierray, rue des Fosses-Saint-Germain-des-Pres a Paris, 1710”; a similar label, dated 1714,
There is a bass-viol, dated 1712, in the Paris Conservatoire Collection

Willibald Leo Lütgendorff+

Einer der besten Vertreter der alten Pariser Schule, der, wie alle seine
Zeitgenossen, nach italienischen Vorbildern arbeitete. Er wohnte in der Rue
des Fosses-Saint-Germain-des-Près und 1725 »proche la Comédies« seine Geigen
zeigen sowohl grosses als kleines Patron und meist hellrothen oder gelben Lack,
der jetzt sehr nachgedunkelt erscheint. Das Holz ist gut, wenn auch oft unscheinbar,
nur ungleich in den Stärkenverhältnissen. Der Ton ist immer kräftig,
wenn auch nicht sehr ansprechend. Er stand schon bei Lebzeiten in hohem Ansehen
und bildete eine Reihe tüchtiger Schüler aus. In Thomas Britton’s
Katalog liest man: »a violin by Cl. Pierray as good as a Cremona«. Bessere
Arbeiten von ihm werden jetzt von Liebhabern bis 1000 M. bezahlt, was freilich

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